A BOD incubator, or Biological Oxygen Demand incubator, is a laboratory instrument designed to measure the oxygen demand of biological samples. It is primarily used in environmental testing, water quality analysis, and microbiology to simulate optimal conditions for microbial growth. The incubator maintains a constant temperature, typically at 20°C, to encourage microbial activity and measure the oxygen consumed during the decomposition of organic materials. This tool is crucial for monitoring water quality, wastewater treatment, and environmental pollution.